How to count the occurrence of the largest or smallest value in a range; basically, how many times the MAX or MIN value occurs in a range.
=COUNTIF(A1:A6,MAX(A1:A6))
A1:A6 is the range with the values. Change that in both places in the formula to fit your data.

Result:

The MAX() function gets the highest value from the range and then returns that to the COUNTIF() function, which uses that to determine which values in the range to count.
=COUNTIF(A1:A6,MIN(A1:A6))
A1:A6 is the range with the values. Change that in both places in the formula to fit your data.

Result:

The MIN() function gets the lowest value from the range and then returns that to the COUNTIF() function, which uses that to determine which values in the range to count.
This is a simple combination of two functions in order to return the count; nothing more takes place here, just some function nesting.
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